Heater for water-tube boilers.



W. W. KEMP @L W. H. VAN HORN.

ATER FOR WATER TUBE B0 ILERS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 11,1

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1934,63' W3. n APPucATloN FILED Nov, n, 1915. Patented July 24, 1917;

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l fication.

WILLIAM WALLACEKEMP AND WILLIAM H. VAN HORN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

HEATER FOR WATERJIUBE BOILERS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Illy 24, 1917.

Application led November 11, 1915. Serial No. 60,853.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM W. KEMP and WILLIAM H. VAN HORN, citizensof the United Statesesiding at Baltimore, in the county of BaltimoreCity and` State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Heaters for 1Water-Tube Boilers, of which the following is a speci-This invention relates to an improved water boiler and a heater orburner therefor.

i r1`he invention has among its objects to provide a water tubeboiler ofsuch peculiar construction that an explosive mixture may bc confined ina small space therein and be thoroughly and completely consumed; to` iincrease the general efficiency of the boiler; to provide a greaterevaporative surface; to considerablyy reduce the formation of scale; toapply and confine the heat to the most advantageous point to prevent theloss of heat units; to effect the consumption of the fuel of the burnercompletely and without odor; to dispense with stacks and consequent lossof heat through them; to dispense with the furnace or fire box; todispense with the opening through which atmospheric air is admitted tosupport combustion; and to provide a relatively small and compactstructure.

It is a further object of the invention to provide my device with aburner which is detachable from the remainder of the apparatus in suchmanner that it may be easily removed when it is desired to renew thesame, or when repair or cleaning thereof is necessary. Gras may besupplied to either end of the burner, so that in event of one of thevalves being inadequate to supply sulicient fuel, the other valve may beoperated, so that fuel is supplied by both of said valves.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a burner of suchpeculiar construction that it may be mounted in one of the water tubesof the boiler in such a manner that the water tube acts as a waterjacket for the burner to not only protect the burner and its parts butto also provide for an increased evaporative surface heated by thereflected heat of combustion; wherein combustion may be forced togreatly increase the efliciency of the evaporative surface;

` and a burner by the use of which substantially perfect combustion ofthe fuel is had.

The above and other objects and advantages of this invention will bemore clearly brought out in the following detail description of thepresent preferred embodiment of the invention, the same being shown inthe accompanying drawings wherein;-

Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section taken centrally through thewater tube boiler and the burner mounted therein.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the forward end of the water tubeboiler taken on the line 2 2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line 3 3, Fig. 1.

Referring to they drawings which disclose one embodiment of our improvedwatertube boiler, 10 designates the body portion of the furnace on whichis mounted a steam drum 11 having water legs or headers 12 and 13 whichextend downwardly from the front and rear ends respectively of the steamdrum 11. Within the body section 10, and extending between the legs orheaders', are a plurality of the water tubes 14 and a burner 15 locatedcentrally of the water tubes. About the sides ofthe body portion 10 andthe steam drum 11 is a body wall or brick-work 16.

The body portion 10 of the furnace, which may be constructed of anysuitable refractory substance, has a combustion chamber 16 extendinglongitudinally through the same, the chamber having in its wallssemicylindrical pockets 17 and substantially at the longitudinal centersof these pockets are located the water tubes 14, an annular passagebeing provided thereby about the tubes for the products of combustion toinsure the heating of the entire surface of the tubes.

The water tubes 111 extend between the headers 12 and 13 and communicatetherewith, as shown in Fig. 1. Located centrally of the water tubesisthe burner 15 which comprises an inner or burner tube 18 having aplurality of burner tips 19 radiating from the sides thereof, and awater tube 20 arranged concentrically about the burner tube 18 andthrough which the burner tips 19 protrude, the space between the tubes18 and 20 serving as a water jacket for the burner.

The burner 15 extends through central openings in the front and rearheaders 12 and 1S. the headers being provided with sleeves 21 which litabout the burner, suf-k 'in event one of the pipes 22 is inadequate tosupply sufficient fuel to the furnace, the valve in the other supplypipe may be operated to admit air and gas, and thus the supply of fuelmay be substantially dou:

bled. The'watenspace between the burner tube 18 and the'water tube 20 isin communication with the headers at eitherl end of the furnace by meansyof pipes or connec` tions 24: whichare located on the' outsideof thefurnace, so that access thereto maybe readily: had. To start the furnaceby igniting the Vgas as it issues from the burner, ports 25 areprovided, which extend from the exterior of the furnace intothe combus-Ytion chamber in which the watertubes and burner are located, and theseports 25 are adapted tobe Yclosed by suitable plugs 2G.

The'burner'15 is so disposed withinthe body section of the furnace, thatthe burner tips 19 project the flame, f not"directly `against the watertubes 14%, but `against the walls of the semi-circulary pockets 17 andbetween these tubes. yThe water Vtubes 14Cy areheated bythe heatreliected from these walls, and, therefore, as 'direct heating of' y thetubes is partially eliminated, the liabilityof burning out the watertubes is materially decreased, while, at the same time, practically allof the heat units evolved by the combustion of the fuel are utilized inheating the water within the tubes.

As shown in the drawings, the combustion chamber 16', and the tubes 14and burner 15 located therein are inclined upwardly and forwardly; theforward end of the body portion is cut-away as atr 27, so that arelatively sinall passage is provided, and the products of' combustionare caused to pass through this opening intoV the space provided 'aroundthe steam drum 11.' By so inclining the water tubes and the combus tionchamber in the manner described, air pocketsv are avoided, and theaccumulation of the products of combustion in the corners of the chamberis prevented. A better circulation of water within the tubes isprovided, the path of circulation of the water being through thetubes1i,`the headers y12 and 13 and the steam drum 11. Furthermore, the mudand other sediment `which* accumulates inthe steam drum and thewatertubes, and which is contained inthe water passing through theboiler is caused to drop or collect in the rear leg 13. In the bottom ofthis leg or header is provided a blow-off valve 28.

By providing the burner with a water jacket inthe manner described, thewater yin the steam drum 11 yand the water tubes 14 circulatesrcontinuously through the wa ter space between the tubes 18 and 2O andthrough the connections .124, -so 'that theburner tube 18is eifectuallyprotectedlfromv thebranch connections 24 connect-ing the' burner to theheaders are disconnected, and the burnermay be removed from the rfurnaceby withdrawing the same through either of the sleeves'21.y Thus the'burner may be easily removedfor renewal, orwhen it is desired to cleanor repairv the same.

With the equipment described, granular L refractory material is notrequired,in order toburn an Aexplosive mixture, and such mixtures can beburned throughout thelength of the confined chamberv withl complete combustion, even distribution of heat andwith splendid temperature control.The water tubes :14 and the water Vspace about the burner 15 areconfined within'af'relatively ysmall combustion chambervin which the ex!plosive mixture is lthorougl'ily and 'com-' pletely consumed and theheat units evolved in the combustion of the fuel are utilized in heatingthe wateiv'fithin the watertubes. The" burner is adapted toreceiveatmosphei'i'c air through the connections described, and allother openings for theadmission of atmospheric air to'suppo'rtcombustion `within the combustion *chamber isA =dispensed with; that isto say; the'explosive'mixture' is self-sustaining.

The `rsteam drum 11 is mounted "upon'tlie top-'of the body'portion 10and issubsta-ntially inclosed by *a bric'kiwll 11G, the i brick wallvrbeing so constructed*asto-form'an annular or arcuate chamber 29about the'steam drum, which annular chamber is in communication with the chamber16 by means of ,the hereinbefore described passage 27. Ex-

tending fromv the front of the yfurnace, but

`terminating at a point shortr of the rearwall thereof and locatedsubstantially oir the vlevel with the water in the steam drum isahorizontal baffle 30 which causes the products of combustion issuingthrough the 'passage 27 to travel backward substantially throughout' theentire length of the steam drum 'and then forwardly beforepassin'g intothe vat,

mosphere. The steam drum and thevannular passage thereabout are inclinedupwardly and forwardly, so that air 'pockets inthe drum 11 are avoided,and the mud and other sediment which precipitates from the wateradmitted into the steam drum collects in the rear leg or header 13.

Arising from the top of the furnace is a brick dome 31 lined with ametal sleeve 32, and provided with a damper or cover 38. Within the domeis located a water-feed heater comprising a coil 34, to which coil isconnected a pipe 35 leading from a suitable supply of water. Within thesteam drum is located a mud drum 36 connected at one end to the coil 311by means of a pipe 37. The mud drum is inclined as shown, and at thelower rear end of the same is provided a pipe with a blow-off valve 38for withdrawing the mud from within the mud drum. The mud drum is incommunication with the steam drum by means of an opening provided in thespout 39.

It will be noted that the heat evolved by the combustion of the fuel isutilized to heat successively the water tubes 14 and 20, steam drum 11,and the coil 34, so that the heat of the products of combustionisthoroughly exhausted, and the efficiency of the furnace is therebygreatly increased.

The steam drum 11 is provided at its forward end with a steam outlet 40,through which the steam generated in the water tubes and the steam drumpasses to the usual steam pipes. Immediately below the steam outlet isprovided a deflecting plate 41, and between the deflecting plate and theoutlet opening 40 is a perforated pan a2, the defleeting plate and panbeing provided to prevent priming and the passage of water up throughthe steam pipes. 43 designates the usual water-gage.

To support the forward end of the drum i 11 and relieve the front leg 12of excessive pressure, an I-beam lit is strung between suitable supports(not shown) to which I- beam, the Steam drum 11 is connected by means ofthe lug or projection 45. If desired, a plate +16 through which thesupply Jioe 22 to the burner extends ma be rol l a Y P vided at theforward end of the furnace, so as to improve its appearance. i7designates the usual safety or blow-olf valve.

Although the present disclosure sets forth the use of but a singleburner in one of the water tubes of the boiler, it is to be understoodthat it is within the spirit of this in- Copies of this patent may beobtained for vention to supply the water tubes with any desired numberof burners, and that any number of steam drums may be used, and a numberof boilers, if desired, may be connected in batteries, each boilerdischarging into a common steam drum or header.

What we claim is,-

l. A heater comprising a drum having a group of water tubestherebeneath, a wall inclosing the tubes and providing a substantiallyclosed chamber about the tubes, the wall so shaped as to formsubstantially semicircular pockets behind each tube, and burners withinthe inclosing wall so placed that the direct heat of the flame avoidsthe tubes and is reflected on said tubes by the semicircular pockets.

2. A heater comprising a drum having a group of water tubestherebeneath, a wall inclosing the tubes and providing a substantiallyclosed chamber about the tubes, a wall so shaped as to formsubstantially semicircular pockets behind each tube and burners withinthe inclosing wall located so that the direct heat of the flame strikesthe line of jointure of the semi-circular pockets and is reflected onthe tubes by said pockets.

8. In combination, a substantially closed chamber having in its wallssemi-circular pockets, water tubes in said pockets, and a burner locatedcentrally of said tubes and projecting the flame against the walls ofsaid pockets to heat said tubes by the heat reflected from said Walls.

4. In a water tube boiler, a drum having a group of water tubestherebeneath, a combustion chamber about said tubes, means in saidchamber for heating the water in said tubes, a chamber about said drum,a passage adjacent one end of the drum whereby said combustion chamberand said chamber about said drum communicate, a baille eX- tendinglongitudinally of said drum and terminating short of the end of saiddrum opposite said passage to cause the products of combustion from saidcombustion chamber to pass lengthwise of said drum.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM VALLACE KEMP. WILLIAM H. VAN HORN. Witnesses:

HOWARD G. BisHor, AGNES M. MOORE.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington,D. C.

